Ethical Birding Guidelines
Here we present ethical birding guidelines compiled from an extensive online search of guidelines used by organizations, birding festivals, and nature tour operators.
We provide three lists of Mindful Birding Guidelines: a handy short list of Our Favorites, a medium-length list of Our Extended Favorites, and a longer Comprehensive List.
Alternatively, explore ethical birding guidelines by subject area below:
1. Mindful of Wildlife
How aware are you of the "bird" in birding? The ethical guidelines presented here focus on increasing awareness of the needs of birds and on minimizing disturbance to wildlife.
2. Mindful of People & Safety
Of course no one would describe you as an "insufferable" birdwatcher. These guidelines focus on keeping you and others safe, and on keeping the outdoors harmonious for all.
3. Mindful of Personal Birding Experience
Did you remember to stretch your neck so your body feels good for the party tonight? The guidelines gathered here will help you relax and enjoy your time in the delightful company of birds.
4. Mindful of Nature Conservation
Of course you've been doing great things for conservation, but have you aligned your efforts with what birds need most? Guidelines presented here show the pathway to becoming a conservation birder.
在这里，我们介绍了伦理观鸟指南，该指南是从组织、观鸟节和自然旅游运营商使用的指南的广泛在线搜索中汇编而成的。
我们提供了三个“小心鸟指南”列表：一个方便的“我们的收藏夹”短列表、一个中等长度的“我们扩展的收藏夹”列表和一个较长的“综合列表”。
或者，根据以下主题领域探索道德观鸟指南：
1.注意野生动物
你对观鸟中的“鸟”有多了解？这里提出的道德准则侧重于提高对鸟类需求的认识，并尽量减少对野生动物的干扰。
2.注意人员和安全
当然，没有人会把你形容为“令人难以忍受”的观鸟者。这些指导方针侧重于保护你和他人的安全，以及保持所有人的户外和谐。
3.注意个人观鸟经验
你记得伸展你的脖子，这样你的身体在今晚的派对上感觉良好吗？这里收集的指南将帮助您放松身心，享受与鸟类相伴的愉快时光。
4.注意自然保护
当然，你在保护方面做了很多事情，但你是否把你的努力与鸟类最需要的东西结合起来了？这里介绍的指南显示了成为保护鸟类的途径。
https://www.mindfulbirding.org/existing-guidelines
"Hey, listen up birdwatchers. I'm Alfie Bird. If you haven't heard already, North American bird populations have dropped 29% over the past 50 years.
"Sure, to you that might just be the loss of some birds, but to me it's the loss of billions of relatives: aunts, uncles, first cousins twice removed, second cousins thrice removed, and so on.
"You might ask, 'What happened to all those birds?' It's a good question. Below are the answers and what you (hint! hint! hint!) can do about it."
"Of course, you can only do so much, so choose the actions that will help the most birds."
“嘿，听观鸟者的话。我是阿尔菲·伯德。如果你还没有听说，北美的鸟类数量在过去50年里下降了29%。
“当然，对你来说，这可能只是一些鸟类的损失，但对我来说，这是数十亿亲戚的损失：阿姨、叔叔、两次被移走的表亲、三次被移离的表亲等等。
“你可能会问，‘所有这些鸟都发生了什么？’这是一个好问题。下面是答案，以及你（提示！提示！提示）可以做什么。”
“当然，你只能做这么多，所以选择能帮助最多鸟类的行动。”
Tops Threats to Birds (U.S. only. Ordered by Median Estimate to Bird Mortality Annually. As of 2017.)
Causes of Bird Mortality1
Median Current Annual Estimate
How You Can Help2
Habitat Loss
Potentially largest individual threat to birds
1. Donate for habitat conservation (Migratory Bird Conservation Fund, etc.)
2. Influence conservation legislation (letter-writing campaigns, fully fund Land and Water Conservation Fund every year [esp. considering all the new oil extraction], Recovering America's Wildlife Act, Migratory Bird Treaty Act/Convention, etc.--and be sure you know who you're voting for.)
3. Participate in habitat restoration and enhancement
4. Recognize heroes who help habitat
5. Symbolic fences using children's signs to protect sensitive habitats
Outdoor Cats
2.4 billion
1. Keep cats indoors and speak out against outdoor cats
2. Festival registrations that award gold stars to attendees who keep their cats indoors
3. Speak out against feral cat colonies
Collisions - Building Glass
600 million
1. Protective treatment of window for private and public buildings
2. Support conservation legislation (Bird-Safe Windows Act, etc.)
Collisions - Vehicles
200 million
1. Ease off the gas pedal
2. Honor the slowest driving tour guides
Poison and Toxics
70 million
1. Support conservation legislation and ask political candidates to work on neonicotinoids, 2,4-D, and glyphosate, as well as the creation of a uniform plastics recycling system, and then vote for politicians who act.
2. Personal use choices
Hunting
Lead Poisoning
70 million
21 million
1. Support legislation banning lead ammunition
(News: Interior Secretary lifts lead ban in 2017)
2. . Use non-lead ammunition
Industry Deaths - Collisions (Electrical Lines, Communication Towers, Wind Turbines); Electrocutions; Mining Claim markers; Gas Platforms; Oil and Wastewater Pits; etc.
41 million
1. Support conservation legislation
(News: Republican Liz Cheney introduces Bird-Killer Amendment in 2017)
鸟类面临的最大威胁（仅限美国。按每年鸟类死亡率估计中值排序。截至2017年。）
鸟类死亡原因1
当前年度估计中值
如何帮助2
栖息地损失
对鸟类的潜在最大个体威胁
1.捐赠栖息地保护（候鸟保护基金等）
2.影响保护立法（写信运动，每年全额资助土地和水资源保护基金（特别是考虑到所有新的石油开采）、《恢复美国野生动物法》、《候鸟条约法》/《公约》等——并确保你知道你投的是谁。）
3.参与栖息地恢复和改善
4.认识帮助栖息的英雄
5.使用儿童标志保护敏感栖息地的象征性围栏
户外猫
24亿
1.把猫关在室内，大声反对室外的猫
2.节日登记，为将猫留在室内的参加者颁发金星
3.大声反对野猫群体
碰撞-建筑玻璃
6亿
1.私人和公共建筑窗户的保护处理
2.支持保护立法（《鸟类安全窗法案》等）
碰撞-车辆
2亿
1.松开油门踏板
2.尊重驾驶最慢的导游
毒物和毒物
7000万
1.支持保护立法，要求政治候选人致力于新烟碱类、2,4-D和草甘膦，以及建立统一的塑料回收系统，然后投票支持采取行动的政治家。
2.个人使用选择
狩猎
铅中毒
7000万
2100万
1.支持禁止铅弹药的立法
（新闻：内政部长于2017年解除铅禁令）
2.使用非铅弹药
行业死亡-碰撞（电线、通信塔、风力涡轮机）；电解；采矿权标记；天然气平台；石油和污水坑；等
4100万
1.支持保护立法
（新闻：共和党人利兹·切尼于2017年提出《杀鸟修正案》）
1 Adapted from the 2017 United States Fish and Wildlife Service's Threats to Birds webpage (drawing from scientific studies including Trail 2006; Longcore et al. 2012; Loss et al. 2013a, 2013b; Loss et al. 2014a, 2014b, and 2014c.), as well as resources from the American Bird Conservancy (2013).
2Referenced Cornell Lab of Ornithology's Living Bird magazine (Autumn 2019) essay by John Fitzpatrick, which includes an excellent summary of actions to support birds.
Finally, birders can help birds by minimizing the negative impacts from birdwatching activities, which can occasionally cause breeding birds to abandon nests or long-distance migrants to burn through precious energy reserves. Birders who become aware of even the minor impacts from birdwatching activities are likely to show a heightened concern for birds that can lead to action to address habitat loss and other major sources of human-caused bird mortality. Learn how to lower your impact while birding by browsing our compilation of ethical birding guidelines.
1改编自2017年美国鱼类和野生动物管理局的鸟类威胁网页（摘自科学研究，包括Trail 2006；Longcore等人2012；Loss等人2013a、2013b；Loss等2014a、2014b和2014c），以及美国鸟类保护协会的资源（2013）。
2参考康奈尔大学鸟类学实验室的《活鸟》杂志（2019年秋季），约翰·菲茨帕特里克的文章，其中包括支持鸟类的行动的出色总结。
最后，观鸟者可以通过减少观鸟活动的负面影响来帮助鸟类，观鸟活动有时会导致繁殖鸟类弃巢或长途迁徙者耗尽宝贵的能源储备。意识到观鸟活动的轻微影响的观鸟者可能会对鸟类表现出高度关注，从而采取行动解决栖息地丧失和其他人类导致鸟类死亡的主要原因。通过浏览我们的道德观鸟指南汇编，了解如何降低观鸟时的影响。